EDUCATION AND INTEGRATION-- ROLE OF TEACHER AND ROLE OF INSTITUTION // RRB TGT /PGT EXAMS

Education is an effective tool with the power to change lives. The goal of integrated education, sometimes called inclusive education, is an approach that strives to provide equal opportunities for all students, no matter their abilities or disabilities.

Integration in education can refer to teaching and learning that combines different subjects or students from different background. 

Integrated education aims to develop an inclusive learning environment where students with different needs and backgrounds, including those who have emotional, cognitive, or physical disabilities, may study alongside their classmates in conventional classes. It highlights acceptance, diversity, and understanding among students, increasing a sense of equality and feeling connected.

Integration vs. Inclusion

An integrated classroom is a setting where students with disabilities learn alongside peers without disabilities. Extra supports may be implemented to help them adapt to the regular curriculum, and sometimes separate special education programs are in place within the classroom or through pull-out services. In theory, integration is a positive approach that seeks to help students with disabilities be part of the larger group. In practicality, the differences in the way all people learn can make this system of education less effective overall.

Inclusion is the actual merging of special education and regular education with the belief that all children are different, will learn differently, and should have full access to the same curriculum. Students with disabilities are not expected to adjust to a fixed education structure. Rather the structure is adjusted so that everyone’s learning styles can be met. Barriers to learning are removed to allow each student to participate fully in the curriculum and feel equally valued. The end result is that all students with and without disabilities benefit.

WHAT IS NATIONAL INTEGRATION?

 Feeling that binds the citizens of a country.

 Awareness of common identity amongst the citizens of a country.

 A sense of belongingness amongst the citizens of a nation.

 A feeling of solidarity and brotherhood in people.

 A strong-we feeling, irrespective of differences.

 Social, political, economic, linguistic and cultural unity.

IMPORTANCE OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION

 Ensure unity in diversity

 Security of the nation

 Internal peace and discipline

 Economic prosperity

 Social development

BARRIERS OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION

 Regionalism

 Linguism

 Religious differences

 Casteism

 Cultural differences

 Economic disparities

HOW CAN EDUCATION PROMOTE NATIONAL INTEGRATION? 

• Education can play a vital role in promoting national integration by: 

Teaching students about the history, culture, and values of their nation. 

Helping students to develop a sense of national identity and pride. 

Promoting tolerance and understanding of different cultures and traditions. 

Encouraging students to participate in civic activities and to work for the common good.

Education can play a vital role in promoting national integration. By teaching students about the history, culture, values, and diversity of their nation, and by encouraging them to participate in civic activities and to work for the common good, education can help to build a more unified and harmonious society

ROLE OF EDUCATION IN NATIONAL INTEGRATION

 The essential function of education is to develop different physical, mental, emotional, social, national and spiritual aspects of personality of the people by laying stress on the development of healthy habits, traits, right attitudes, values, skills, and national integration of the pupils.

 So, since independence different education commissions stressed on promotion of national integration through education.

Commissions that stressed on promotion of national integration:

 Mudaliar Commission (1952-53)

 Emotional Integration Committee (1961)

 Kothari Commission (1964-66)

 National Policy on Education (1986)

 National Policy on Education (2020)

HOW DO WE PROMOTE NATIONAL INTEGRATION THROUGH EDUCATION?

 The teacher can never truly teach, unless they are still learning. A lamp can never light unless it continues to burn its own flame. Like wise, unless the teacher has a feeling of national integration, he/she cannot instill it among his/her pupil.

 Equal treatment

 Set ideal examples of national integration

 Present historical facts in an impartial and objective manner

 Inculcate rational thinking

 Distinguish between facts and opinions

Institutions like education, media, and government bodies play a crucial role in fostering national integration by promoting unity, understanding, and a shared national identity, thus strengthening the bonds of a diverse society

Educational Institutions:

Curriculum and Teaching:

Schools and universities should emphasize a curriculum that promotes national unity, understanding of India's diverse heritage, and appreciation of different cultures, religions, and regions. 

National Integration Camps:

Educational institutions can organize camps and programs to foster interaction and understanding among students from different backgrounds. 

Promoting National Identity:

Universities and educational institutions can serve as forums for discussions and activities that promote national identity and a sense of belonging. 

Government Institutions:

Planning and Implementation:

Government policies and programs, particularly those related to infrastructure, economic development, and social justice, should promote inclusivity and address disparities among different sections of society. 

National Integration Council:

Institutions like the National Integration Council can work towards fostering unity and harmony, bridging gaps between different communities, and promoting a sense of belongingness among citizens. 

PSU:

Public Sector Undertakings (PSU), where employees are selected from different parts of the country based on merit, can act as miniature India in their residential townships, which can foster regional integration and understanding. 

Media and Cultural Institutions:

Promoting Unity:

Media can play a crucial role in shaping public opinion and promoting national integration by highlighting positive aspects of diversity and addressing issues of communal discord. 

Films, Literature, and Art:

Films, literature, and art can be powerful tools for promoting national unity and understanding by depicting stories that transcend regional, religious, and linguistic barriers. 

Sports:

Sports can act as a uniting force, bringing people from different backgrounds together and promoting a sense of national pride. 

Key Takeaways:

National integration is not just about suppressing differences, but about fostering an environment where people from diverse backgrounds can live together in harmony and contribute to the nation's development. 

Institutions play a vital role in shaping national identity and promoting unity, and they need to be used effectively to achieve this goal. 

By promoting understanding, empathy, and respect for diversity, these institutions can contribute to a stronger and more united nation.